Install Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP stack) in Ubuntu

LAMP or Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP is a common stack for hosting websites. It's free, open source, and easily available and configured in most Linux distributions. You can install LAMP stack on Ubuntu by following any of these methods;

Install Apache, MySQL and PHP in Ubuntu via apt shortcut

There's a shortcut in apt where common installation packages are grouped into tasks. There's a task available for LAMP and could be used to install Apache, MySQL, and PHP in Ubuntu with the following steps;

Update package information.
```
$ sudo apt update
```
Install lamp-server via apt's task.
```
$ sudo apt install -y lamp-server^
```

apt will install predefined packages for the installation task.

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'libgssapi3-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhttp-message-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libnghttp2-14' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-common' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libencode-locale-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-cli' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libwind0-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libsasl2-modules-db' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-client-5.7' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libldap-2.4-2' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libapache2-mod-php' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libevent-core-2.1-6' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-server-5.7' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php-common' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libaprutil1' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-mysql' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libheimntlm0-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-server' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libcgi-fast-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libwrap0' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhttp-date-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'perl-modules-5.26' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'liblwp-mediatypes-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libfcgi-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libheimbase1-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libcgi-pm-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libaio1' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-json' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-opcache' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libsasl2-2' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libio-html-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'ssl-cert' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'apache2-data' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libperl5.26' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libapr1' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libaprutil1-ldap' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhtml-tagset-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-client-core-5.7' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libsasl2-modules' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libldap-common' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php7.2-readline' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhcrypto4-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'liblua5.2-0' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-common' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libsodium23' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhtml-template-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libtimedate-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libroken18-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'apache2-bin' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libasn1-8-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libkrb5-26-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libgdbm-compat4' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'apache2' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'php-mysql' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'apache2-utils' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhx509-5-heimdal' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libhtml-parser-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'libapache2-mod-php7.2' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'liburi-perl' for task 'lamp-server'
Note, selecting 'mysql-server-core-5.7' for task 'lamp-server'
libasn1-8-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libgdbm-compat4 is already the newest version (1.14.1-6).
libgssapi3-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libhcrypto4-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libheimbase1-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libheimntlm0-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libhx509-5-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libkrb5-26-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libldap-2.4-2 is already the newest version (2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1).
libldap-common is already the newest version (2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1).
libnghttp2-14 is already the newest version (1.30.0-1ubuntu1).
libperl5.26 is already the newest version (5.26.1-6).
libroken18-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libsasl2-2 is already the newest version (2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2).
libsasl2-modules is already the newest version (2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2).
libsasl2-modules-db is already the newest version (2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2).
libwind0-heimdal is already the newest version (7.5.0+dfsg-1).
libwrap0 is already the newest version (7.6.q-27).
perl is already the newest version (5.26.1-6).
perl-modules-5.26 is already the newest version (5.26.1-6).
Suggested packages:
  www-browser apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom
  php-pear libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl mailx tinyca
  openssl-blacklist
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libaio1 libapache2-mod-php
  libapache2-mod-php7.2 libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
  libaprutil1-ldap libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl
  libevent-core-2.1-6 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
  libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl
  liblua5.2-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl libsodium23 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl
  mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server
  mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7 php-common php-mysql php7.2-cli
  php7.2-common php7.2-json php7.2-mysql php7.2-opcache php7.2-readline
  ssl-cert
0 upgraded, 42 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 26.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 187 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Install Apache, MySQL and PHP in Ubuntu via tasksel

tasksel is actually the base of the apt's task in the previous installation method. tasksel also provides ncurses interface at the terminal to further ease package installations;

Update package information.
```
$ sudo apt update
```
Install tasksel if it's not already installed.
```
$ sudo apt install -y tasksel
```
tasksel is pre-installed in Ubuntu Server but not in most other variants
Run tasksel.
```
$ sudo tasksel
```
Navigate via arrow key to LAMP Server and press <space> to select.
Press <Tab> to navigate to the <Ok> button and press <Enter> to start the installation process.
tasksel will download and install the required packages.

Install Apache, MySQL and PHP in Ubuntu via apt

If you require more granular control of what to and what not to install, you can independently install the packages via apt with the following steps;

Update package information.
```
$ sudo apt update
```
Install Apache.
```
$ sudo apt install -y apache2
```

Install MySQL server and client.

$ sudo apt install -y mysql-server mysql-client

Install PHP.
```
$ sudo apt install -y php php-cli
```

Install required PHP modules.

$ sudo apt install -y php-mysql libapache2-mod-php

Test if Apache, MySQL and Apache is installed correctly

Verify that the installation was successful with these commands;

Check installed PHP version.

$ php -version
PHP 7.2.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (cli) (built: May  9 2018 17:21:02) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.2.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies

Check Apache and MySQL is running on their default ports.

$ ss -natp | grep -E ":80|:3306"
LISTEN  0        80                  127.0.0.1:3306             0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN  0        128                         *:80                     *:*

Check if Apache is serving the default page correctly.

$ curl -s 127.0.0.1 | head

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <!--
    Modified from the Debian original for Ubuntu
    Last updated: 2016-11-16
    See: https://launchpad.net/bugs/1288690
  -->
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

$ sudo mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.22-0ubuntu18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

MySQL is by default configured with passwordless root account

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