Part of administering any system is to ensure that it does not run out of disk space. This is especially true for Linux as some of the best practices in Linux is to install specific part of the system into a separate partition whereby some Linux distributions will automatically do that during system installation. This increases the chance that any of the disks or partitions to independently run out of free space.
Filesystem's size, usage and available space can be checked from the command line using df command. It is however can't be used to check the size of specific files and folders.
$ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on tmpfs 399740 1800 397940 1% /run /dev/sda3 19991152 7696980 11255632 41% / tmpfs 1998688 0 1998688 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock tmpfs 4096 0 4096 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 524272 7984 516288 2% /boot/efi tmpfs 399736 108 399628 1% /run/user/1000
$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on tmpfs 391M 1.8M 389M 1% /run /dev/sda3 20G 7.4G 11G 41% / tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 512M 7.8M 505M 2% /boot/efi tmpfs 391M 100K 391M 1% /run/user/1000
Unit changed to M(Megabyte), G(Gigabyte), T (Terabyte) etc instead of in blocks.
$ df -h /dev/sda3 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 20G 7.4G 11G 41% /
$ df -h /boot/efi Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 512M 7.8M 505M 2% /boot/efi
$ df -hT Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on tmpfs tmpfs 391M 1.8M 389M 1% /run /dev/sda3 ext4 20G 7.4G 11G 41% / tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs tmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 vfat 512M 7.8M 505M 2% /boot/efi tmpfs tmpfs 391M 112K 391M 1% /run/user/1000
$ df --help Usage: df [OPTION]... [FILE]... Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides, or all file systems by default. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --all include pseudo, duplicate, inaccessible file systems -B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., '-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below -h, --human-readable print sizes in powers of 1024 (e.g., 1023M) -H, --si print sizes in powers of 1000 (e.g., 1.1G) -i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage -k like --block-size=1K -l, --local limit listing to local file systems --no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default) --output[=FIELD_LIST] use the output format defined by FIELD_LIST, or print all fields if FIELD_LIST is omitted. -P, --portability use the POSIX output format --sync invoke sync before getting usage info --total elide all entries insignificant to available space, and produce a grand total -t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE -T, --print-type print file system type -x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE -v (ignored) --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size, and the DF_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set). The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024). Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000). Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on. FIELD_LIST is a comma-separated list of columns to be included. Valid field names are: 'source', 'fstype', 'itotal', 'iused', 'iavail', 'ipcent', 'size', 'used', 'avail', 'pcent', 'file' and 'target' (see info page). GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/df> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) df invocation'
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