from math import isclose from scipy.integrate import quad def integrand(x, scale, offset): return scale * x**2 + offset value, error = quad(integrand, 0.0, 1.0, args=(2.0, 1.0)) expected = 5.0 / 3.0 print(f"integral: {value:.12f}") print(f"estimated_error: {error:.2e}") print(f"expected: {expected:.12f}") print(f"matches_expected: {isclose(value, expected, rel_tol=1e-12, abs_tol=error * 10)}")